Page Object Model

The Page Object Model (POM) is a design pattern commonly used in test automation to create an object-oriented representation of the pages or components of a web application. The main idea behind the POM is to create a separate class for each page or component of the application, and define all the elements and methods specific to that page/component in the respective class.

Here's an overview of how the POM works:

1. Separate class for each page/component: In this step, a separate class is created for each page or component of the application, which contains all the page-specific elements and methods.
2. Definition of page-specific elements and methods: Once the class is created, all the elements and methods specific to that page/component are defined in the respective class.
3. Object creation: Once the class is defined, an object of that class is created in the test script. This object is used to access all the page-specific elements and methods defined in that class.
4. Interacting with the page: The object created in the previous step is then used to interact with the page. For example, to enter a username and password on the login page, the methods defined in the login page class are called using the object created in step 3.

By using the POM, the test automation code becomes more organized, maintainable, and reusable. If there are any changes in the application, such as the addition or removal of a page/component, only the respective class needs to be updated, making it easier to manage and maintain the test automation code.